Word Facts

All of the 6 planets known to the Romans were named for gods , but the fact that the rest are too was never a forgone conclusion. Uranus was the next to be considered a planet, though it was always known about even before telescopes. It was named because Uranus was the father of Saturn in Roman mythology, and Saturn is the planet before Uranus, though the name wasn't popular outside of Britain. The discoverer Herschel wanted to name it after King George III, calling it 'Georgium Sidus' (George's Star), though it was not a star, though this name was unpopular, and many called it 'Neptune' for some time, as a way to commemorate British naval victories. The last planet, 'Neptune', will be discussed tomorrow.

There's a joke that the planet ' Uranus ' sounds like 'your anus', but that's not so far off. Although the etymology is disputed, the most probable source comes from the enlarged form of *ṷorsó- from the Greek for 'to urinate'. It's related through the Proto-Indo-European root to the Sanskrit várṣati 'to rain' and from there the connection to clouds, and the god thereof, might make more sense. Indeed, the name 'Uranus' (or 'Ouranos') might be better translated as 'rainmaker', historo-etymologically speaking, than just the god of the sky. For more on Uranus, see the 7-part series on naming the cosmos .

Again, of the two planets unknown (as planets) to the Romans, 'Neptune' still got a Roman name (see 'uranus' here ). At first, it was just called "Le Verrier's planet" after the discoverer, but the English again pushed for Uranus to be called 'Herschel' after its discoverer, and these were used for a short time, until it was decided to keep tradition and name the planets after Roman mythology, so 'Neptune' was selected, as it is an icy, blue planet, and therefore named after the god of the ocean. Many other language's name for the planet come from their respective mythology around the ocean as well, from Chinese to Hebrew and even Nahuatl, rather than using the same word. There will be more on this tomorrow.